4WD vs AWD vs FWD SUVs: What’s The Difference?
As you look at SUVs, you may notice that some feature all-wheel drive and some feature front-wheel drive. AWD, 4WD and FWD might be difficult to understand but here are the differences:
Front-Wheel Drive (FWD)
Front-wheel drive sends power directly to the front wheels and holds most of its weight over the front wheels, helping drivers retain traction on slippery roads. Front-wheel drive is also a compact system that weighs less than other drivetrains and frees up extra cabin space.
All-Wheel Drive (AWD)
All-wheel drive is designed to get the most traction in slippery conditions. AWD splits the torque between the front and rear axles using an electromagnetic coupler between the driveshaft and rear differential. This allows for up to 50% of the torque to be distributed to the rear wheels. All-wheel drive often utilizes advanced technology with sensors on each wheel that monitor traction, wheel speed, and more.
Four-Wheel Drive (4WD)
Part-Time 4WD: Designed for rugged capability, in a part-time 4WD system the driver manually engages or disengages the 4WD mode as needed. Part-time 4WD distributes power to all four wheels to maximize grip, increasing traction and control in challenging environments. It is not recommended for use on dry, paved roads as it can lead to driveline binding and increased wear, therefore should only be used in lower-traction surfaces such as snow, mud or dirt.
Full-Time 4WD: Full-time 4WD systems automatically distribute power to all four wheels at all times, without requiring driver intervention. It provides constant traction and is beneficial in changing driving conditions, designed for use on all types of surfaces, including dry pavement.